Andrew Goodwin

Andrew Goodwin analysed the characteristics that you can find in the majority of music videos created to date. (6 points from a media blog, examples given by myself)

1. Music videos demonstrate genre characteristics.
   - Depending on the genre of the artist/song the video can be staged in different ways such as dance routines for groups or live performances for bands/acoustic.
2. There is a relationship between lyrics and visuals. The lyrics are represented with images.
   -The lyrics of the song can contradict or relate to the images shown in the video.
3. There is a relationship between music and visuals. The tone and atmosphere of the visual reflects that of the music.
4. The demands of the record label will include the need for lots of close ups of the artist and the artist may develop motifs which recur across their work (a visual style).
5. There is frequently reference to notion of looking (screens within screens, mirrors, stages, etc) and particularly voyeuristic treatment of the female body- ( The illusion of the character or artist's feelings are being portrayed by the song) 
6. There are often intertextual reference (to other media aspects such as tv shows or films).

Examples of styles found in music videos.

-Images contradicting the song.
An animation which doesn't follow the story line, 
The artist in a different setting/costume to the one perhaps mentioned in the song.

-Images amplifying the song
Romantic editing for love songs
Flashing lights and heavy editing for rock music

- Close up shots
Usually of instruments or lips of female pop singers.

- identifiable images

Lady Gaga can be recognised by her unusual style and outfits in her videos.
When people they often think of the crazy things she has worn, for example a dress made out of raw meat.

- camera work and editing can sexualise the artists.

It is mainly women who are sexualised in videos, often RnB or Pop artists are presented this way as it may fit in with the lyrics of the song. Mariah Carey is a good example of this.
Male rappers such as 50 Cent often sexualise women in their videos, it makes the men look more masculine as they are the most important thing in the video with women with little clothes attracted to this.
Malvey - Male Gaze